How does RFLP determine differences in DNA sequences?

Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) is a technique that analyzes the variations in DNA sequences by utilizing restriction enzymes. These enzymes cut DNA at specific sequences, resulting in various fragment sizes depending on the presence or absence of these sequences in different individuals. When a particular DNA sample is digested with restriction enzymes, the resulting fragments are separated by size through gel electrophoresis, allowing for visual comparison.

This method effectively reveals differences in DNA sequences among individuals because mutations or polymorphisms can alter the DNA sequence in such a way that certain restriction sites are lost or created, leading to different fragment patterns. This fragment length variation can then be analyzed to establish genetic relationships or identify genetic diversity within a population.

In summary, the core of RFLP relies on the action of restriction enzymes to generate fragments of differing lengths, which is directly tied to the differences in DNA sequences being examined.