What is a known method for performing HLA typing?

HLA typing is a critical process used to determine the specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles present in an individual's genome. The method involving PCR analysis using specific primers in wells is highly accurate and effective for HLA typing. This technique utilizes polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify specific regions of DNA that correspond to HLA genes. By using specific primers that target these regions, the PCR process allows for the selective amplification of HLA types from a given sample.

This method is favored because it provides sensitivity and specificity, enabling the detection of specific alleles. Additionally, the amplification can be followed by various downstream applications, such as sequencing or gel electrophoresis, for further confirmation of the HLA alleles present.

In contrast, other methods listed do not provide the same level of specificity and reliability for HLA typing. Fluorescent in situ hybridization reactions, while useful for identifying chromosomal abnormalities, are not standard for HLA typing. Direct hybridization with blood serum is not a recognized method for typing HLA antigens, as it can lack the specificity needed for accurate results. Gel electrophoresis, while it can be used as a tool in conjunction with PCR, does not independently provide a complete method for H