What is the optimal temperature range for polymerase to function during DNA amplification?

The optimal temperature range for polymerase activity during DNA amplification, particularly in the context of techniques like PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), is crucial for achieving efficient and accurate DNA replication. The correct choice, 68-75°C, aligns with the optimal temperature range for many DNA polymerases used in amplification processes.

At these temperatures, the enzymes maintain high activity levels, effectively synthesizing new strands of DNA. This range is typically employed during the elongation phase of PCR, where the DNA polymerase extends the primers and synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.

Using a temperature too low can hinder the enzyme's ability to function efficiently, resulting in reduced amplification and specificity. Conversely, temperatures that are too high may denature the polymerase, leading to loss of function. Therefore, maintaining the reaction within the 68-75°C range maximizes enzyme performance, ensuring optimal yield and fidelity of the amplified DNA. This is why this selection is deemed the most appropriate in the context of DNA amplification.