What is the rate of DNA translation?

The rate of DNA translation refers specifically to the speed at which ribosomes synthesize proteins from messenger RNA (mRNA). In eukaryotic cells, this process generally occurs at an approximate rate of 2 to 6 amino acids incorporated into a growing polypeptide chain per second, which translates to around 60 codons (or nucleotides) per second, given that each codon consists of three nucleotides.

This rate can vary depending on several factors such as the specific organisms, cellular conditions, and the presence of various initiation factors and elongation factors that influence translation speed. However, the widely accepted and commonly cited rate of translation in eukaryotes is around 60 nucleotides per second, making it the correct choice for this question. Understanding this rate is crucial for molecular biology as it provides insight into the efficiency and regulation of protein synthesis within cells.