What is the translocation associated with follicular lymphoma?

The translocation associated with follicular lymphoma is t(14;18). This specific genetic alteration results in the juxtaposition of the BCL2 gene on chromosome 18 to region of chromosome 14 where the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus is located. This juxtaposition leads to the overexpression of the BCL2 protein, which inhibits apoptosis (programmed cell death), allowing B cells to survive longer than they normally would. This accumulation of B cells contributes to the development of follicular lymphoma, which is characterized by its indolent behavior.

In the context of lymphoid malignancies, different translocations are associated with other types of lymphomas or leukemias. For instance, the t(8;14) translocation is commonly linked to Burkitt lymphoma. Meanwhile, t(11;14) is associated with mantle cell lymphoma, and t(4;14) is primarily seen in multiple myeloma. Understanding these associations is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning in hematological cancers.