Which DNA polymerase is considered the main replicative enzyme in eukaryotes?

The main replicative enzyme in eukaryotes is DNA polymerase δ. This polymerase is essential for the synthesis of the lagging strand during DNA replication, playing a crucial role in ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of DNA synthesis. DNA polymerase δ has a high processivity and ability to proofread, which is vital for maintaining the integrity of the genetic material as it duplicates.

While other DNA polymerases like polymerase α, β, and ε have important functions in eukaryotic DNA metabolism, they do not primarily serve as the main replicative enzyme. Polymerase α is involved in the initiation of DNA replication and works in conjunction with primase to synthesize short RNA-DNA primers. Polymerase β primarily plays a role in DNA repair. Polymerase ε, although also involved in DNA replication, primarily contributes to the synthesis of the leading strand rather than acting as the main enzyme for both leading and lagging strands. Thus, polymerase δ is recognized for its key role in eukaryotic DNA replication.