Which of the following describes Tratuzumab (Herceptin)?

Trastuzumab, commonly known by its trade name Herceptin, is classified as a monoclonal antibody. This means it is a type of antibody that is engineered to target a specific antigen. In the case of trastuzumab, it specifically binds to the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which is overexpressed in some breast cancers and other types of cancers.

Monoclonal antibodies like trastuzumab are produced from a single clone of B cells, resulting in a uniform product that can be used for targeted therapy in patients. The mechanism of action involves blocking the HER2 signaling pathways that promote tumor growth and survival. Additionally, by marking cancer cells for destruction by the immune system, trastuzumab can enhance the body's ability to fight the cancer.

In contrast, small molecule inhibitors are usually low molecular weight compounds that often function by entering cells and interfering with specific proteins, but are not specific to a single antigen like monoclonal antibodies. Polyclonal antibodies are mixtures of antibodies produced by different B cell lineages, providing a range of specificities rather than the targeted approach of monoclonal antibodies. Vaccines are designed to stimulate an immune response to a specific pathogen or disease but do not